Saturday, November 27, 2010

Saturday, November 13, 2010

Test Basis

This is a test lunch.........i will be back soon

Legal and Environmental issus


ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE


Introduction

The textile industry, in particular the wet processing sector, has been facing increasing environmental regulations in the past few years. These regulations have been very specific and at fairly stringent levels covering a broad spectrum of raw materials, work-places areas and multimedia reject systems. Textile industry is considered to be one of the industries causing environmental damage. Changes in environmental policy and consumer behavior have led to strategic changes in the textile industry in countries such as Germany, the UK and the US which, in turn, have influenced textile exports to these countries. In the near future "clean processing" could become an additional requirement for these export markets.

Environmental Pollution in the Textile Industry

The undesirable effects of chemicals on the environment do not show up immediately. Thus, long term studies have to be made to understand and solve problems. Most of the industrialized countries have enacted regulations necessitating manufacturers to pay special attention to the minimization of environmental pollution.
Waste water is produced in every textile wet processing stage, namely pre-treatment, coloration and finishing, and is characterized by:
Color in the effluent
Trace amount of heavy metals
high concentrations of dissolved solids, and
high BOD & COD levels

Eco-standards and Eco-labels

Apart from controlling the harmful chemical usage and discharge in the industry, the European Union has also identified imported textiles as a major source of "harmful chemicals" and has tried to control their entry through a list of eco-standards. This list essentially stipulates limits for the presence of chemicals such as formaldehyde, pesticides, p.c.p. heavy metals, aromatic amines like Benzedrine and methylamines and phylogenic carriers. The criteria to meet such standard requirements, applicable to 100% cotton beddings and polo T-shirts are set out in the Official Journal of the European Communities (No L 116/34), November 1996.
Some large apparel companies such as Clean Fashion and Steinmann have also set their own eco-standards for specifying product requirements.
Beside the EU-wide eco-standard, individual European countries have developed their own eco-labels. Having met the specified requirements, a label would be issued. The following table lists the eco-labels currently available in the textile industry: